Math · Formula sheet

Slope Between Two Points

Rise over run, undefined vertical lines, and the point-slope line through a known point.

Name Formula
Two-point slope m = (y₂ − y₁) / (x₂ − x₁)

x₂ ≠ x₁. Same units on each axis.

Horizontal line m = 0

y₂ = y₁ and the points are distinct.

Vertical line x₂ = x₁

Slope is undefined; do not divide by zero.

Point-slope form y − y₁ = m(x − x₁)

A line through (x₁, y₁) with slope m.

Slope-intercept y = mx + b

b is the y-intercept when the line crosses x = 0.

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Open a calculator and put these formulas to work.